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In this project we develop an intelligent water meter based on software solutions offered by the IOTA Foundation. The water meter allows the customer to map water usage in real-time and pay water on demand, as well as the water provider to map water usage on a greater scale, regulate water supply during low- demand phases and offers regulatory functions to prepare for drought or humid climate, and to incentivise sustainable water usage in high-demand fields like agriculture. This functionality is phrased into a research issue:
Invention of a working prototype to demonstrate the IOTA Streams and Wallet protocols for a meter with additional focus on economic efficiency and the technical preparation of scalability.
Utilizing the IOTA streams protocol, a next generation secure data connection is established between the water meter and a server-sided software application. On this connection, water consumption is mapped into a data bench, and informative data and commands are issued to the graphical interface of the meter.
The IOTA wallet library is leveraged to provide customer accounts corresponding to their meter. IOTA tokens can be send to the account, which grants access to water in a matter of seconds. Depending on the regulatory scenario, water flow can be stopped as soon as the account is exhausted (i.e. public well), or an overdraw can be established in order to guarantee fulfilment of basic human rights (i.e. private households).
Since pricing data can be calculated server-sided and water consumption is mapped in very narrow intervals of as low as 4 seconds, the price can be used as tool to regulate consumption.
The physical components include an electrical ball valve to shut down water flow automatically, a command line interface to provide informative data,, a Raspberry Pi running the client-sided software application, and a water meter with MBus-Interface, as well as a Controlling Board to connect the Raspberry Pi with both peripheral devices.
The finished prototype shows, that water consumption can be mapped on a highly secure level, in near real-time, from afar, flexible for most applications.
Objective: Sagittal balance (SB) plays important role in the successful treatment of spinal disorders. Segmental lordosis is an important SB parameter in spinal surgery and diagnosis, which can help to ensure proper surgical planning and better postoperative outcomes. The manual measurement of segmental lordosis is associated with problems such as time-consuming procedures, high error rates, and poor reproducibility.
The bachelor thesis proposes a solution by exploring and evaluating a more efficient and reliable AI-based method for determining segmental lordosis in preoperative patients, which is compared to measurements made by experienced physicians.
Methods: hidden due to a non-disclosure agreement.
Results: hidden due to a non-disclosure agreement.
Conclusions: hidden due to a non-disclosure agreement.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a wide area in computer science and software engineering that finds its application not only in such fields as machine learning or artificial intelligence, but also has very quickly become a very popular solution to various questions and issues raised in the academic field. Those issues include information classification, text analysis, performing a so-called “smart search”, information grouping, providing feedback to academic papers, and many more. The application designed and implemented for this thesis targets solving a similar problem, which is described in details below.
The faculty of Physical Engineering and Informatics at the Westsächsische Hochschule Zwickau uses a software tool called “Quest”. The “Quest” serves as an online platform that enables students to ask questions regarding the module material introduced by the teaching professors. The professors can use these questions in order to keep track of the topics rising the most amount of uncertainty, as well as to clarify those questions during the lectures. Since the modules repeat over time, similar or identical questions are frequently asked by students.
The current functionality of the “Quest” tool, however, does not provide grouping or clustering questions with a similar content into one category. The reason why this is important is because in the future phases of the improvement of the functionality of the “Quest”, professors want to be able to link similar questions with a learning material or online resources that the students can benefit from. This, however, is only possible when each incoming question is labeled with a certain category, and all previously inputted questions associated with this category become visible through the UI of the tool. That would allow students to review the questions referring to the same category that were previously asked by others, as well as to get access to the study materials or resources associated with that category.
The functionality described above would significantly improve the study process and therefore a solution to this problem is needed. One way to solve this issue would be to perform a manual classification of existing questions into associated categories, which given the large size of the question database would be quite time- and effort-consuming. Another option would be to build an application that would be able to analyze the existing dataset of questions and, with the help of the NLP techniques, classify new questions asked by students and identify the similar ones from an existing database.
The tool implemented for the above-mentioned purposes aims to serve as text analytics and classification application that would be able to find and categorize similar text and questions provided by students and/or professors at the Westsächsische Hochschule Zwickau.
This bachelor thesis demonstrates the process of building a software tool using certain NLP techniques, such as tokenization, model training, categorization, NER (Named Entity Recognition), and POS (Parts of Speech tagging), which are defined and described in Chapter 2: “Literature Overview”. The relevance of these techniques in terms of the classification tool built in the context of this thesis is discussed in the section “Selection of NLP tools and techniques” of the “Methodology” chapter.
The aim of this thesis is to describe the methods and software tools used to develop a restful API for text classification, as well as to compare and analyze the effectiveness of two common NLP classifiers – the Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression (Entropy Model) algorithms.
Between Clash of Civilizations and Global Identity - the Interdependence of Culture and Economics
(2019)
Our life is becoming faster, more connected and more global - this developments have a lot of positive but also negative effects. Being fearful towards the "different" is a growing phenomenon and the question arises of we heading towards a global identity or a clash of civilizations, which factors play the important parts and how did they come into existence. By using North African immigration in France as an example, an approach is made to put this topic in a smaller context in order to see where the scenario is heading to and what is conducive and/or detrimental.
The purpose of this study is to bring China closer to the audience, especially from the marketing perspective. The automotive industry, textile industry, technological industry, food, and beverage industries and much more have developed themselves in the Chinese market. Subsequently, the writer chose one sector of the technology industry, which are smartphones. The focus of this thesis is already available smartphone brands in China. The perception of smartphone brands should help in determining how the producing country is looked at, if the image clouds the judgment and if consumers are loyal to brands. These insights allow us to draw conclusions and recommendations for the communication and design of smartphone brands.
This thesis will examine the process of internationalization which generates international changes and growth, entry into new markets and the creation of new businesses. Projecting this on the sports industry, businessmen tend to take more risks than a few decades ago in the interest of becoming more competitive. The sports industry is used to transmit multiple messages as it reaches global audiences. The term sports covers much more than the physical activity. The term also comprises possibilities for lucrative business actions, sponsoring and image creation. Furthermore, it induces a pooling of diverse cultures. Thanks to this boundary-spanning connection of sportsmen and arising opportunities to increase sales, managers have decided to go international and to expand their company
China is planning to rebuild the ancient Silk Road into a modern infrastructre network, spanning Asia, Central Asia and Europe. The investements are high and are not paying off. This thesis is exploring the political reasons for China's plans and the impact the initiative has on the Chinese-Kazakh relationship.
An omnipresent topic in the economic news of the current year 2018 were the
developments regarding the smoldering trade dispute between the USA and China.
Within short periods of time, a downright exchange of strikes between the
administrations of the two countries evolved, with the President of the USA, Donald
Trump, in particular, pithily announcing to China an increasingly serious threat of
sanctions. Although the Chinese side was noticeably striving to de-escalate the verbal
dispute, it also presented a series of sanctions which were described in the relevant
press as so-called retaliatory tariffs.
The reason behind this diplomatic duel, however, has substance. It is evident that the
USA and China share an exceptional status with regard to economic fundamentals.
The US has the largest international trade deficit of US$ 375.2 billion vis-à-vis China.
China, on the other hand, is by far the largest creditor of the USA on an international
scale and currently holds around US$ 1.2 trillion in government bonds. Accordingly,
China exerts a major economic influence over the USA. This objective situation
opposes the subjective self-reflection of the government under President Trump, which
hardly misses an opportunity to operate on an international level with the help of
supposed deals according to the credo "America first".
As corporate social responsibility (CSR) is becoming increasingly important in China, this bachelor thesis examines the current state, problems and challenges of corporate social responsibility in China. Based on the analysis of the CSR strategies of Apple and Huawei in China, the thesis reveals lessons and guidelines for companies that want to implement a CSR strategy and integrate CSR operations into their business in China.
This thesis is about the significance of the Chinese construction industry on the Chinese "One Belt, One Road" initiative. The most important question discussed in this thesis are: What is "One Belt, One Road"? How does the domestic construction industry in China benefits from the New Silk Road? And, the Chinese interests behind "One Belt, One Road"?
The goal of this paper is to determine all relevant factors that influence the economic outcome and development of a country including the culture people practice. In the beginning of the paper it will be given a thorough explanation of culture and its components. There have been different theories on how culture influences the economic power of a country which until today are considered controversial. Therefore, it will be taken a closer look at for instance the theory of Max Weber, who explained in his book
Regional power shift in Southeast Asia: Comparing economic influence of China and Japan in ASEAN
(2017)
This work deals with the Sino-Japanese power competition in Southeast Asia, which is here considered as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). For this purpose, the academic discourse on regional powers in general, as well as in Southeast Asia is outlined, with special regard to the relation of economic and soft power. On the basis of trade and investment figures an analysis in comparative perspective is conducted, which examines the development of the Chinese and Japanese economic influence in ASEAN over the past decades.
This bachelor thesis is about the development and design of the suture-based HeartStitch MR device for functional restoration of the mitral valve when a mitral regurgitation is present. The mitral valve is one of the four existing heart valves and due to their load, the mitral valve is most commonly affected by valve defects. In case of a mitral regurgitation, the leaflets of the mitral valve are not closing tight enough, which causes a reflux of the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium. As consequence, the human body won't be sufficiently supplied with oxygen anymore, which results in a disproportionate cardiac output. Untreated, this can lead to respiratory dis-tress, cardiac arrhythmias and stroke or even to death. In this case, a heart surgery is essential to improve the patient
In the scope of this thesis a novel minimal invasive medical device was developed and manufactured. It is used to treat mitral regurgitation, which is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. It prevents a perfect closure of the mitral leaflets and causes blood to flow back and cause different symptoms, from dyspnea to sometimes death. For this purpose, two versions of new treatment devices were developed that suture the Mitral valve leaflets together resulting in a better closure. Various state of the art Software and machines were used to design and manufacture the Prototypes. This thesis provides the basis of putting those devices onto the Market and to help physicians and patients with an easier treatment and faster recovery time.
The NobleStitchTM EL Cardiovascular Suturing System can be used in general surgical, interventional and endoscopic procedures, such as Patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure, transapical ventricular closure, carotid arterial closure, mitral annuloplasty or edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. The System is used through an access device or in an open setting. For applying suture to a wound site, one Device of the NobleStitchTM EL Cardiovascular Suturing System, called the NobleStitchTM EL (S)
The SuperStitch is a suture-based closure device for the use during minimally invasive surgical procedures. The aim is to close a vessel or wound site in an open setting. The project is dealing with the further development of an already proven product pf the HeartStitch company. In the process, adaptation and fining solutions based on new requirements are discussed. These aim to perform surgery in the area of the human heart. The new field of application is mostly meant to deal with the closure of PFO's, ASD II and occurring residual shunts.
In the surgery of the pituitary gland and other related areas of the skull base, the endoscopic endonasal surgery has established oneself as today's operation method. Although the surgeon is able to look around corners with the aid of an endoscope, the dissection in these areas is limited. Current suction devices are limited in their size, shape, bending and prone to kinking because of the narrow suction channel. The work with such inadequate instruments increase the risk of life-threatening complications, prolong the operation and limit the quality of a complete tumor resection. The ideal suction device would be adaptable to numerous surgery situations, easy to bend, maintain its lumen, adequate in their ratio of rigidity and formability, ergonomic and reformable to its original shape. In the following bachelor thesis, it is shown that this can be achieved with a suction device with shape memory alloy. After the development of a comfortable hand sample, the suction device went into preparation and a risk analysis was performed. The results of the evaluation process are reductions in operative risk, time and cost if this bendable suction device would be applied. Therefore, approval for the international market should be sought, to provide an opportunity for safer and more effective surgical procedures.
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes offer some excellent electrochemical properties, including the widest potential window in aqueous solutions, low background currents and good chemical and mechanical stability. They can also be produced transparent and could offer a great potential for spectroelectrochemical (SEC) experiments. However, to reach the mentioned electrical properties for such optically transparent electrodes (OTE), heavy doping is needed to increase conductivity. The introduction of boron in return reduces the transparency significantly. This work investigates the effect of introducing an alternative path for electrons in the form of an highly conductive get transparent interlayer which could increase the conductivity without increasing the BDD film or the doping level supporting high transparency in the visible (Vis) and ultraviolet (UV) regime. This work furthermore investigates possible interlayers for this application and implements four of them in two BDD OTE samples which are extensively studied by electrical, optical and electrochemical methods. An ultra-thin metal film (UTMF) of titanium (Ti) is shown to decrease the electrochemical resistance by 2.4kOhms while decreasing the transparency of a BDD OTE by only 11%.
Methods of analyzing the structural integrity of compound materials under stressed conditions becoming more importantly. Not merely safety and economic reasons demanding a good monitoring of e.g. wind turbine blades or aircraft wings but also ecological ones. The existing strategy for the blades is to replace them at a certain schedule, resulting in unnecessary downtimes and high cost. Several possibilities of an optical structural health monitoring system been examined in this thesis. Both free-space and fiber-based setups are tested and evaluated in their usability. The methods were tested with the objective of embedding them into large-scale polymer structures such as the mentioned fields of application.
With the help of the Laser-Speckle phenomenon different in-vivo diagnostic applications can be performed at the surfaces of different tissues such as the skin, the retinal skin and the cerebral cortex. In this study the Laser light scattering phenomenon is used to measure blood flow and hemoglobin concentration change. There are a lot of different approaches to perform these investigations for example with single-mode or multi-mode fibers. A comparison between the two illumination systems is presented together with an experimental setup. The results show that both of the approaches are feasible under specific conditions. Both fiber illumination systems have their advantages and limitations in fulfilling different tasks. The two approaches are tested and evaluated to propose specific applications for every illumination system. With these results future uses of the proposed methods are encouraged.
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to investigate how cultural differences of countries can be used to make assumptions on what kind of financial product might be the most efficient one based on the culture of a country. By using re-search that is trying to explain market performance differences and consumer behavior differences based on culture of a country. This thesis is trying to link those researches in order to create a cultural assessment framework that can be used to make predictions about a country
The leading question, which political system is better suited for an emerging economy with a large population to ensure an effective climate protection, builds the nucleus of this thesis. The People's Republic of China and the Republic of India, which share similar demographic conditions and represent an autocratic and a democratic form of government, are compared in terms of the formulation and implementation of climate protection strategies and measures to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the respective systems.
China
(2015)
Within this Bachelor Thesis the Chinese economic development with begin of the economic boom until today are described. With focus on the Austrian Business Cycle Theory by Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek the questions why and how economic bubbles develop are investigated and similarities between countries who experienced economic bubbles in the past and China analysed. The conclusion of the research is that the Chinese real estate market has indeed been caught in a boom-and-bust cycle and is at the moment going through recession. A future reoccurence of an economic bubble in China is possible.
Die Bachelorarbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung, die verschiedenen Arten und die Auswirkungen in der Theorie und an konkreten Beispielen von Ausländischen Direktinvestitionen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf Deutschland als Teil der EU bzw. Ausländischen Direktinvestitionen aus China.
Morality confronts us in our daily life. Sometimes people do not act the way we would have expected it. One of the biggest culture differences can be found between China and Germany. A lot of foreigners try to make business in the more and more economic important becoming country. A lot of them fail, because of not knowing how to act in certain circumstances. Furthermore, some situations are happening which one would not expected. Everyone got influenced by media about China. But is everything true about it? Most of the journalists are from western countries and they decide what is right and what wrong dependent from their origin. We call such a situation ethnocentrism. It means, that one judges dependent on ones ethnical norms one raised up with and that these norms are basis of valuation on other cultures (Schubert, 2011). While I was in China, I experienced a lot moral misunderstandings. I found out that especially foreign companies do have huge problems in that term because they use their - grown up morality- in China which is not working. This paper explains moral inequalities and helps companies to act differently in consideration of a very important topic such as payment morality.
In dieser Arbeit werden interkulturelle Konflikte zwischen Amerikanern und Chinesen im Unternehmensalltag untersucht. Ziel der Arbeit ist es herauszufinden welche Konfliktlösungsstile Chinesen im Konflikt anwenden.
This bachelor thesis focuses on the recent financial crisis that hit many countries one way or another. While the general causes and consequences are explained, the focus is on Spain and how the crisis developed there, in which ways the Spanish government and people were influenced and what measures were taken to restore the country's economy. Special emphasis is also put on the Austrian Business Cycle Theory in order to explain the origin of the financial crisis that started in 2007. All in all, the main aim of this paper is to give a small overview of this global crisis and its impact on Spain.
Within the bachelor thesis a strategic analysis of the Gulf States and the digital sector was made for the full-service provider T-Systems Multimedia Solutions GmbH, to show new growth opportunities for international business outside the European market and help them deciding whether or not the market approach would be advisable. An observation of the environment of the region of the Gulf States was made. The aim was to get familiar with local market practices such as societal and cultural customs. The two identified target markets Qatar and the United Arab Emirates are examined by giving a brief overview of the two countries by political, economic and social environmental analysis. It was attempted to compare relevant information about Qatar and the United Arab Emirates internationally and with Germany. In order to be able to assess the attractiveness of the ICT market, market volumes and annual growth rates of the Middle East were outlined. Market figures of Middle Eastern countries were compared worldwide and checked against market volumes and growth rates of Western Europe, North America and Asia-Pacific to get the big picture. The competitive situation in the IT market of the Middle East was examined by presenting leading IT service providers. An assessment of the positioning, portfolio and existent strengths and weaknesses has been compared. Market impact was illus- trated in respective service portfolio segments based on analysis of Pierre Audoin Consultants. Opportunities and risks of the ICT market in the Middle East are outlined. Most important sectors and strongest solutions for T-Systems Multimedia Solutions have been identified.
Integrating Message-Based Load Distribution for Asynchronous Processes in an Enterprise Application
(2011)
With the ever-growing need for more scalable and fault-tolerant enterprise-level intranet and extranet solutions, application vendors are trying to prepare their products for multiple-machine environments. Apart from the traditional clustering approach of balancing and distributing user requests equally over several nodes, applications can be designed to handle greater loads by allowing designated background processes to run independently and be scaled separately from the main business logic and client request handling processes. Liferay Portal, a web-based enterprise-level portal and CMS solution developed by the company of the same name, already offers support for modeling a multi-node setup by utilizing well-known clustering paradigms in the manner of search index replication or cache invalidation as well as taking the application server's session replication mechanisms into account. Its upcoming release, however, will introduce long-running, CPU-bound features like creating document previews and encoding video or audio files , which will intensify the need for a concept that allows for queuing and equally distributing processor time
China has become one of the largest economies world wide. While China itself used to receive huge amounts of FDI or aid from developed countries, it is now in the position to support less developed coutries. Cambodia is an example for such an LDC which is strongly supported through development aid and investments from China. This thesis analyses the unique advantages this country is offering to China. In addition, this thesis is trying to evaluate whether both participating countries equally benefit from this partnership.
The People's Republic of China has had the aim of a (socialist) market economy since 1976. Nevertheless, it is still under dictatorial control. In this paper it is analysed if the Chinese political system is compatible with a market economy and in which way the classification of a socialist market economy is justified. Finally, an explanation why the term sino-capitalism fits for the Chinese economic system best will be given.
THE CHINESE EXCHANGE RATE
(2011)
As one of the key technologies involved in communication networks, all-optical switching has witnessed many research efforts during the last decade. This work presents a detailed investigation of the properties and attractive interaction of spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals for all-optical switching devices. This includes a description of basic properties such as their multimode behavior, as well as their power dependent interactions and signal steering. Furthermore, the temporal performance of an all-optical switching setup is analyzed and discussed. Thanks to their long-range, phase and wavelength independent interactions at milliwatts powers, and despite their slow response time in switching applications, nematicons proved to be an extremely promising testbed for soliton-based devices, including signal waveguides and power-dependent spatial steering devices.
Cloud Computing has had an impact on the computer science in recent years. Instead of the traditional way, where the using and providing of hardware resources and software are inflexible, Cloud Computing represents a pool of scalable, on-demand and easily available Cloud Services. These are differentiated by infrastructure, platform or software and are provided by a Cloud Service provider. An example of a service provider is a business software provider. Due to this of business software customers are increasingly are interested in a shift to Cloud Computing. Customers want to appreciate the advantages of Cloud Computing, such as the reduction of business expenditures generally or make business more flexible. This Bachelor Thesis analyses Cloud Computing's possibilities and advantages, especially Cloud Services, to forming the basis of expanding business software providers' product portfolio. The analyses results the concept for providing existing software components as a Cloud Service, without radically altering component configuration. This is used by a number of actors types and points out the advantage of using Cloud Services in different ways. Finally, a prototype implementation analysis the technical feasibility of the concept and represents a basis for conclusion and outlook
The here presented work is about the development of an atom pair descriptor based virtual screening system. In the beginning the fundamentals are explained which are the base of the following chapters. The chemical data file formats, the term descriptor as well as the enrichment factor and the process of benchmarking is discussed. In the main part the development of the virtual screening system is explained and afterwards the results on the bcr-abl kinase target protein are interpreted. For the development of the virtual screening system the realization of the atom pair descriptor, the different similarity methods and their selection is discussed. Also the clustering and the functio-nality of the virtual screening system are explained. Afterwards the results of the bcr-abl kinase screening are discussed and the functionality of the virtual screening system is evaluated. Finally a conclusion is given where set goals and achieved outcomes are compared and an outlook for possible future projects is presented.