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Since Carbon emissions are soaring all over the atmosphere, the world suffers from significant problems daily. It has become apparent that reliance on single occupancy vehicle transportation is unsustainable, expensive, and primarily harmful to humankind. Rural areas are frequently abandoned while expanding
transportation infrastructure as urbanisation grows. In rural areas, a lack of adequate and inexpensive transportation options leads to seclusion and restricted access to products, facilities, and job opportunities.
This study explores the potential of alternative transportation methods to improve mobility in rural areas. The objectives of the research are to expand knowledge on sustainable alternative transportation in rural regions and to offer practical solutions for enhancing accessibility and mobility for rural residents.
The study employed a mixed-method approach, including a literature review, a survey, and interviews with participants in two rural regions, Mosel and Oberrothenbach. The findings suggest that the transportation challenges faced by rural inhabitants can be effectively and sustainably addressed through walking and by using alternative transportation modes, such as cycling and public transit. This thesis provides a range of ideas and strategies to improve regulations, programs, and infrastructure related to alternative transportation modes in rural areas. This study dives into the characteristics and requirements
of these places using a combination of quantitative and qualitative surveys done in representative two rural regions to recommend successful alternative transportation solutions of On-Demand Transport Services and Electric or Trolley bus Services for daily commutes. The findings underline the need for flexible, multimodal, and on-demand transit choices, as well as the need for community participation and technology integration.
In dieser Arbeit werden Maßnahmen zur Optimierung des Straßenverkehrs beim Brückenbau an Bahnübergängen und Eisenbahn- und Straßenüberführungen untersucht. Das Hauptprojekt umfasst den zweispurigen Bau von Mühldorf nach Freilassing, der erste Teil dieses Projekts umfasst 2 Bahnübergänge und 11 Eisenbahn- und Straßenüberführungen.Außerdem wird der Bauablauf an diesen Kreuzungen untersucht. Für die Verkehrsgestaltung im örtlichen Straßennetz werden drei allgemeine Konzepte vorgestellt: An jeweils 13 Kreuzungen werden mögliche Probleme untersucht und für jede Situation entsprechende Lösungen bereitgestellt.
In dieser Arbeit wird versucht, alle Aspekte und Faktoren einschließlich der Vorschriften und der Lage der Region zu berücksichtigen, um optimalere Modelle zu planen. Außerdem werden alle Grundmodelle der Kreuzungen während des Brückenbaus vorgestellt, so dass ein klareres Bild des Bauprozesses entsteht. Abschließend wird der Generalplan überprüft, um die Auswirkungen des Brückenbaus auf das Straßenverkehrsnetz zu minimieren.
Despite lacking sufficient evidence, the shift to automated mobility has often been regarded as progress towards a safer road transport system. Following the introduction of the first production car that has been officially certified as Level 3 earlier in 2022, the driver can shift their role to only as a fallback when the automated driving system reaches its limit of the Operational Design Domain. In the event of an accident, though, the matter will only get even more complicated, especially in the process of unravelling the party that was performing the Dynamic Driving Task at the time of the collision. An accident investigation is done to provide insight into how it occurred and uncover the liable parties. This thesis reviews various methods reconstructing an accident scene, such as photogrammetry and laser scanning, as well as elaborating the relevant data that has already available in the vehicle and from the infrastructure. Recommendations are also presented on for the future data collection, specifically in the scenario of automated driving, to improve such practice.
Active Traffic Management Systems – Developing a Package of Measurements for the City of Füssen
(2021)
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM) are new commanders in the world of transportation engineering. The combination of ATDM and ITS has created a concept called “Active Traffic Management (ATM)”. The world’s ATM is getting a higher point for major technological changes that have been bringing new ways in public and private transport managing, decision making, smart cities, traffic control, safety and environment.
The management, control, influence of travel demand and traffic flow in transportation facilities is referred to as ATM. Actions are taken in real time to improve system performance, such as preventing or delaying breakdown conditions, enhancing safety, encouraging sustainable travel modes or cutting emissions, using archived data and or/predictive methods.
In this Master's thesis, it has been exanimated the prominent different areas of Active Traffic Management in traffic engineering with a special focus on the sections of traffic management, signal control, and simulations with the program VISSIM. To discuss this issue, this paper begins with a brief introduction of the names and concepts of the current technologies in ATM, followed by an example. Important data and challenges for the study case of the city of Füssen in Germany will be presented in the text, subsequent to some results, conclusions and recommendations. In addition, the current and alternative scenarios with their respective level of service are researched according to German regulations. A simulation of different nodes has been modeled to observe the respective delays, level of services and emissions of the intersections selected in the city.
Keywords
Traffic Engineering, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), Active Traffic Management (ATM), Level of Service (LOS) and Traffic Simulation.
Die vorliegende Masterarbeit des Masterstudiengangs Automotive Engineering befasst sich mit dem Thema „Analyse und Optimierung der eingesetzten Entwicklungsprozesse für mechanische Interieurprodukte im KFZ“.
Für eine erfolgreiche Produktentwicklung, die gleichzeitig alle Kundenanforderungen erfüllt, ist ein Produktlebenszyklus notwendig, der alle Kernprozesse und -phasen beinhaltet. Um wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben, ist es dabei wichtig, dass diese Prozesse schnell, einfach und zuverlässig für die Mitarbeiter eines Unternehmens anwendbar sind, sodass ein Produkt zum bestmöglichen Preis und zur bestmöglichen Qualität angeboten werden kann. Keinesfalls sollten sich die Prozesse negativ auf die Entwicklungsphase eines Produktes auswirken.
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die bei der Continental Engineering Services (CES) eingesetzten Prozesse zur Entwicklung von KFZ-Interieurkomponenten in Theorie und Praxis zu betrachten. Auf Basis der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden Handlungsempfehlungen für die Verbesserung des Prozesses erarbeitet.
Diese Masterarbeit zielt auf die Analyse der Ausweitung des Mischsystems in Chemnitz bzw. die Umsetzung der Stufe 4 des Chemnitzer Modells ab. Im Einzelnen besteht diese Analyse aus einem technischen Vergleich zwei betrachteter Varianten für die Stufe 4, wobei eine umsteigfreie Verbindung zwischen Chemnitz und Limbach-Oberfrohna hergestellt wird. Für diesen Vergleich wurden eine Untersuchung der Umlauf- und Fahrpläne, sowie der prognostizierten Fahrgastzahlen für beide Varianten durchgeführt. Diese Ergebnisse wurden durch eine Verkehrssimulation mit der Software PTV VISUM erzielt, sodass aus diesen Werten ebenfalls ein Vergleich auf der Grundlage der Betriebskosten erstellt werden konnte. Als Abschluss wurden die Ergebnisse dieses Vergleichs erklärt und anschließend die bevorzugte Variante festgelegt. Darüber hinaus wurden Empfehlungen für zukünftige Studien im Rahmen von der Stufe 4 des Chemnitzer Modells abgegeben.
Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist die Untersuchung von Einsatzmöglichkeiten einer Datenbrille für Arbeitsprozesse. Dafür wird eine Microsoft HoloLens der ersten Generation verwendet.
Zu Beginn werden Grundlagen der Augmented und Virtual Reality erläutert. Um anwendungsrelevante Zusammenhänge dieser Technik zu verstehen, werden die wichtigsten Hard- und Softwarekomponenten vorgestellt. Es folgt die Betrachtung bereits vorhandener Anwendungsgebiete der sogenannten XR-Technologie in der Industrie und eine Vorstellung von Nutzungsszenarien in anderen Arbeitsprozessen.
Anschließend werden drei selbstentwickelte Anwendungen beschrieben. Diese können im Rahmen der studentischen Ausbildung genutzt werden und dienen als Demonstratoren. Es wird die Durchführbarkeit der Programmierung der Hardware sowie deren Alltagstauglichkeit abgeschätzt. Der Untersuchung von Unterschieden der Kommissionierzeiten mit verschiedenen technischen Hilfsmitteln, folgt die Auswertung der ausführenden Versuchspersonen. Dabei werden Aspekte zur Wahrnehmung der Arbeitsprozesse ausgewertet und analysiert. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse dienen der studentischen Ausbildung im Bereich der Arbeitswissenschaften und können als Grundlage für weitere wissenschaftliche Arbeiten genutzt werden. Beschrieben werden jeweils eine erstellte Applikation für einen realen Kommissioniervorgang und die Abbildung eines Arbeitsraumes als virtuelles 3D-Objekt. Für die zukünftige Erstellung von anwenderspezifischen Programmen kann eine bebilderte Anleitung mit Ablaufhinweisen genutzt werden.
Um die Qualität der Produkte von Valeo Siemens eAutomotive GmbH eine entsprechend zu gewährleisten, ist es notwendig, Produkte ausführlichen Tests am Prüfstand zu unterziehen. Dies erfolgt auf Grund der hohen Anforderungen und Komplexität der Produkte, in Form automatisierter System- und Komponententests.
Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit beim Unternehmen Valeo Siemens eAutomotive GmbH galt es herauszufinden, wie der Programmablauf von automatisiert durchgeführten Tests auf dem neuen Testautomatisierungssystem Morphee mit Hilfe eines Fehlermanagementsystem überwacht werden kann, um die Stabilität dieser Tests zu maximieren.
Diverse Event- und Rohdaten werden mit Meta-Informationen ergänzt und in eine Datenbank hochgeladen. Die Datenaufbereitung der potentiellen Bugs findet mit einem externen Programm statt.
Erzeugte Test-Bugs werden in einem Client Programm dargestellt, damit eine Fehlerbehandlung
stattfinden kann.
Das Bug Reporting System ist ein modular, verteilt aufgebautes System, das so weit wie möglich von der Testautomatisierungssoftware Morphee entkoppelt wurde, um Erweiterungen so flexibel wie möglich zu gestalten.
The thesis analysis the car parks’ elements and the factors that influence the drivers’ behaviour on them. Then makes an approach to the definition of the strategy of how the car drivers search for free parking spaces. The reason for it is that there is a need to assess car parks’ design parameters in the terms of their performance. One of the decisive factors is also the drivers’ behaviour. A car park simulation based on the environment of matrices is designed and implemented in MATLAB. The algorithm for searching for the parking spaces is designed and implemented within that as well. The results of the simulation are presented.
The traffic calming measures aim to slow down traffic speed, accident frequency, and reduction of through traffic caused mainly by motorized vehicles in residential areas. These measures are primarily addressed to the specific streets and lead the necessary or remaining traffic to drive in a restrained or considerate manner. While these measures are designed to prevent conflicts between pedestrians and motorists, they impose unstable traffic patterns and are sometimes unable to accommodate the increasing motor vehicle flows, as they are concentrated only on certain streets.
This paper investigates area-wide urban traffic calming techniques from existing projects. It explains how traffic regulatory and structural measures link together or separately to restrict the movement of motor vehicles traveling through neighborhood streets and divert them to main roads. The implemented sample measures were illustrated and described with photos of their current locations.
In this thesis, the district Äußere Neustadt was defined as a model area in Dresden to analyze and redesign the existing mobility plan in order to reduce the MIV flows with the main objectives of giving space for pedestrians, cyclists, and public transport. The district's street infrastructure is heavily impacted by the presence of parked vehicles, raising challenges to the safe movement of both bicyclists and oncoming motor vehicles. In the frame of the model project initiative - "Woche des guten Lebens", the volunteer team has designed a traffic experiment and carried out an online survey to assess citizens' opinions of the Äußere Neustadt. The analyses demonstrate and emphasize the necessity of political support and interactive communication with citizens regarding the area-wide radical sustainable mobility plan. Considering the positive feedback of the citizens, the new mobility plan was realized in this paper.
Area-specific traffic calming techniques such as diagonal or cross barriers, zone speed limits, offsets, one-way streets, etc. were analyzed from the implemented projects to determine the appropriate solutions for the specified streets. The district's existing traffic network and the new solutions offered were visualized using QGIS software.
The implemented new traffic plan will lead to more space for pedestrians and bicycle traffic and a reduction in traffic noise.
Railways is one of the most important ways of transporting people and goods from place to another in the whole world. In Germany, it comes as the second most used way of transport. The German railways network is so big and covers the whole maps of Germany. That is why it is so important to develop and improve the performance of it. At this thesis work, the performance of every route at the German railways is calculated using a digital model which is created in PTV Visum software using the programming language python. Furthermore, the workload of every node (junction) at the German Railways is calculated, and according to that, recommendations to build an overpass structure at the overloaded Junctions is suggested to improve the capacity of this Junctions.
This master's thesis focuses on developing a robust framework for co-simulating microscopic traffic scenarios and vehicle dynamics, leveraging the capabilities of SUMO and CARLA. The essence of this research lies in its meticulous analysis of existing simulation tools, leading to identifying the most effective co-simulation strategies and intercommunication methods. A comparative study elucidates the strengths and limitations of these methodologies, guiding the selection of an optimal approach.
Central to the methodology is a thorough understanding and application of SUMO and CARLA, enhanced by the strategic implementation of intercommunication methods. The detailed integration of these tools and the introduction of test automation significantly boost simulation efficacy. The framework's reliability and accuracy are rigorously validated through well-defined procedures and metrics, ensuring fidelity in simulation results.
Key to this research is the design of experimental scenarios that reflect real-world traffic conditions underpinned by carefully chosen simulation parameters. These scenarios are pivotal in validating the co-simulation framework's performance, supplemented by a performance cost analysis focusing on processing efficiency. The thesis culminates with a critical discussion of the findings, addressing the research objectives and posing solutions to identified challenges. Potential areas for future enhancements are explored, highlighting the framework's limitations.
In conclusion, this thesis contributes significantly to the field of traffic simulation for autonomous driving technologies. It presents a comprehensive co-simulation framework, offering researchers and engineers a sophisticated tool for advanced testing and validation. The insights and recommendations provided are instrumental for ongoing research and development in this rapidly evolving domain.
Automotive transportation plays an important role in everyday urban life. The motorization is increasing along with rising population every year. The constant increase of cars causes various problems in big cities. One of the major problems is parking. Parking search traffic contributes to about 30% of the traffic volume in city centers. This leads to problems like congestion, road accidents, increase of fuel emission due to the circling of cars inside the city looking for parking facilities, environmental pollution etc. Most of the cities face this problem not because of the unavailability of parking spots in parking facilities but rather because drivers don't have the right information on where to park. This can be solved by providing proper guidance about the parking facilities to the drivers. For this, efficient parking space management including the design of a suitable parking guidance system is required. The Entsorgungs and Vekehrsbetrieb (EVB) Wismar has been responsible for the parking space management in the city since 2012 and is implementing the parking space concept in Wismar that was approved by the town council. So far, there is a static parking guidance system in Wismar, which consists of 20 locations with signs pointing to six parking facilities. The Entsorgungs und Vekehrsbetrieb (EVB) intends to replace the static parking guidance system of the Hanseatic City of Wismar with a dynamic parking guidance system (DPGS). The aim of my master thesis is to create a concept for the development of a dynamic parking guidance system in the Hanseatic city of Wismar, including the technical operation and possible implementation, taking autonomous driving into account.
WHO estimates that 1.25 million people worldwide pass away in traffic accidents each year. Accidental damage to the economy costs USD 520 per year. Road traffic accidents account for 2.1% of all fatalities worldwide. In total, 50,000 people die in Europe each year. One of the most significant economic and social issues, traffic accidents result in thousands of fatalities and serious injuries each year in Germany and around the world. Whenever there is an accident involving vehicles, trucks, motorized two-wheelers, bicycles, or pedestrians that results in casualties or property damage, the questions of what caused the accident and how it could have been prevented naturally arises: whether it was due to human factors (e.g., carelessness, speeding, or drinking), vehicular flaw (e.g., faulty brakes, a faulty chassis, or old tires), road surface, poor visibility, and so on. The list of possible explanations is really long. The problem is to implement effective steps to prevent accidents from happening in the first place, regardless of what caused the mishap.
The German federal states of Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Brandenburg, Hessen, and cities of Hamburg, and Bremen are examined in this study's analysis of accidents. This study aims to (i) identify the human factors, environmental factors, and road/infrastructural factors that lead to human failures which cause road accidents, and (ii) explore ways of mitigating these accidents.