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The intention of the paper is to consider the role of technologies used to overcome the COVID-19’s challenges in higher education. On investigating, it has been found that the digital strategies utilizing innovation technologies help students to adapt to pandemic consequences. This study enlightens the various technologies that assist systems of healthcare and education in diverse aspects to outlive against COVID-19. Furthermore, the technological shift of world economy that happened during the pandemic and its influence in the society is discussed. Besides the considered innovation technologies, this paper also deals with changes that have taken place in education system of Kazakhstan in pandemic circumstances. Alongside our suggested solution for further educational process issues is also presented.
A detailed review of the literature is done on COVID-19, digital technologies in education, blended learning using appropriate keywords on SCOPUS, Springer, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. To get insights some relevant sites and blogs are also taken into account. We have identified technologies used in Kazakhstan that play an important role now.
There have been chosen exploratory and conclusive research design. Fifty-nine students provided qualitative responses; ninety-eight students and graduates participated in quantitative survey. The results of study has shown students’ increased awareness concerning blended learning.
The scientific novelty lies in the description of the experience gained by higher schools during the quarantine. We believe that in the future, blended learning should be used largely. The innovations in the learning process cover two areas. The first is related to software used. It is like creation of a virtual university that facilitates communication between students and teachers. The second area correlates with content, without which any innovation will fail.
Analgesic drug use of recreational and competitive badminton players: Starting points for prevention
(2021)
Objectives: Evidence-based clinical guidelines play an important role in healthcare and can be a valuable source for quality indicators (QIs). However, the link between guidelines and QI is often neglected and methodological standards for the development of guideline-based QI are still lacking. The aim of this qualitative study was to get insights into experiences of international authors with developing and implementing guideline-based QI.
Setting: We conducted semistructured interviews via phone or skype (September 2017–February 2018) with guideline authors developing guideline-based QI.
Participants: 15 interview participants from eight organisations in six European and North American countries.
Methods: Organisations were selected using purposive sampling with a maximum variation of healthcare settings. From each organisation a clinician and a methodologist were asked to participate. An interview guide was developed based on the QI development steps according to the ‘Reporting standards for guideline-based performance measures’ by the Guidelines International Network. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis with deductive and inductive categories.
Results: Interviewees deemed a programmatic approach, involvement of representative stakeholders with clinical and methodological knowledge and the connection to existing quality improvement strategies important factors for developing QI parallel to or after guideline development. Methodological training of the developing team and a shared understanding of the QI purpose were further seen conducive. Patient participation and direct patient relevance were inconsistently considered important, whereas a strong evidence base was seen essential. To assess measurement characteristics interviewees favoured piloting, but often missed implementation. Lack of measurability is still experienced a serious limitation, especially for qualitative aspects and individualised care.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that developing guideline-based QI can succeed either parallel to or following the guideline process with careful planning and instruction. Strategic partnerships seem key for implementation. Patient participation and relevance, measurement of qualitative aspects and piloting are areas for further development.
Trial registration number: German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00013006).
Introduction: In the spring of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 posed a substantial challenge for countries and their healthcare systems. In Germany, over 70% of all cancer patients are treated in an outpatient setting, so gynecologic oncology practices are the guarantors of optimal patient care. We developed a survey to evaluate the management of gynecologic oncology patients.
Methods: The survey consisted of 38 questions and was sent to the members of the Berufsverband Niedergelassener Gynäkologischer Onkologen in Deutschland e.V. (BNGO), a professional association of gynecologic oncologists in the outpatient sector in Germany.
Results: The survey was completed by 54 out of 133 (41%) gynecologic oncologists from 14 out of 15 (93%) federal states where the BNGO is represented. Facing the pandemic, popular measures were mask requirements (100%), restriction of access to practices (94%), increased number of disinfectant dispensers (85%), installment of panes of acrylic glass (76%), or spatial alterations (67%). For most patients the pandemic had no influence on prioritization of therapies (82%) or prescribed systemic treatments (87%). Despite an increase in perceived psychological burden among the staff (72%), 85% (45/54) of the practices were not offered any additional psychological support.
Discussion and Conclusion: As most cancer patients in Germany are treated in an outpatient setting, a suitable reaction of oncology centers to the new circumstances was crucial to secure optimal treatment and patient care. Nevertheless, the low prioritization of mental health or distress of healthcare workers poses a serious threat to the maintenance of optimal medical care in further waves of the pandemic.
This paper presents numerical analysis of the discrete fundamental solution of the discrete Laplace operator on a rectangular lattice. Additionally, to provide estimates in interior and exterior domains, two different regularisations of the discrete fundamental solution are considered. Estimates for the absolute difference and lp‐estimates are constructed for both regularisations. Thus, this work extends the classical results in the discrete potential theory to the case of a rectangular lattice and serves as a basis for future convergence analysis of the method of discrete potentials on rectangular lattices.
Traffic calming is introduced to minimise the negative results of motor vehicle use, for example, low safety level or quality of life, high noise and pollution. It can be implemented through the introduction of road infrastructure reducing the velocity and the traffic volume. In this paper, we studied how traffic-calming influences the traffic assignment. For the research, a traffic-calming measure of speed cushions on the Stachiewicza street in Krakow was taken. A method of extracting trajectories from aerial footage was shown, and it was used to build a model. For a given example, through driving characteristics research and microscopic modelling, volume–delay BPR functions were estimated—for a street with and without traffic calming. Later, a toy network of two roads of the same length, connecting the same origin and destination, was simulated using an equilibrium traffic assignment method. Simulations were conducted both with the use of PTV Vissim and Visum software and through individual calculations. According to the results of this paper, there was a difference in traffic volume according to the equilibrium traffic assignment in the aforementioned toy network as a function of total network traffic volume.
Effect of acoustic excitation on fiber-reinforced polypropylene and the influence on melt viscosity
(2021)
The paper describes a novel technological approach to influencing the rheological properties of thermoplastic materials exposed to acoustic energy. The flow behavior of polypropylene with different mass percentages of glass fibers is investigated in a parallel plate rheometer under high-frequency longitudinal excitation. The influence of oscillation frequency on the melt viscosity is explained by means of shear thinning criteria. The dependence of the oscillation shape using sinusoidal excitation on shear thinning as a function of different fiber reinforcement percentages is also investigated. A phenomenological view describes the mutually influencing parameters with regard to different material compositions and different excitation frequencies over the time course of the rheometric measurement. Interacting relationships are analyzed and discussed and the potential of the actuator system to influence the plastic melt is worked out. Based on this, a technological approach follows which describes the transfer of an oscillating mold surface to plastics processing methods, which, especially in the case of energy-intensive injection molding technology, leads to the expectation of possible resource efficiency in energy and material.
Hintergrund: Der überwiegende Teil der Patienten in Deutschland verstirbt entgegen ihres Wunsches nicht zu Hause. Eine Entscheidungshilfe für das notfallmedizinische Team kann nachfolgende Klinikeinweisungen von Patienten am Lebensende vermeiden.
Material und Methoden: Die Entscheidungshilfe Notarzt wurde im Rahmen des G-BA-Projektes AVENUE-Pal basierend auf einem Expertenkonsens mittels qualitativer und quantitativer Befragungen entwickelt. Sie stellt einen Teilaspekt des Gesamtprojektes dar.
Ergebnisse: Die EH Notarzt definiert 7 Ziele, die durch die Dimensionen „Information“, „Beratung“, „Unterstützung“, „Schulung“, „Anleitung“, „Übung“, „Kooperation“ und „Dokumentation“ erreicht werden sollen. Die EH Notarzt stellt eine Möglichkeit der Optimierung der notfallmedizinischen Behandlung von Patienten am Lebensende dar.
Diskussion: Die EH Notarzt ist eine Entwicklung zur Verbesserung der präklinischen Versorgung von Patienten am Lebensende und zur Vermeidung von Klinikeinweisungen am Lebensende. Derzeit ist die EH Notarzt ein theoretisches Hilfsmittel, welches in die praktische Anwendung überführt werden und weiterhin an die Notwendigkeiten der täglichen Patientenversorgung angepasst werden muss.
Das Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts und der Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts sind eine Periode der sprudelnden Begeisterung und Kreativität um die Gitarre, wie es der Name „Guitaromanie“ verdeutlicht. Es werden neue Schulen geschrieben, Spielpositionen und –techniken entwickelt, und dadurch wird selbstverständlich das Instrument selbst auch beeinflusst und verändert. Paris ist ein Ort der Neuerung, der Experimentierung und in Mirecourt werden die erfolgreichen Experimente übernommen. In Mirecourt werden viele preiswerte Instrumente gebaut und exportiert. Die zwei Instrumente, die in dieser Arbeit Gegenstand der Untersuchung waren, widerspiegeln diese Epoche. Sie drücken die Vielfalt aus, die es in der Zeit in der Gitarrenszene gibt.
Diese Bachelorthesis vergleicht und analysiert die Verordnungen des Carpinteroshandwerks in den Städten Sevilla, Granada, Ciudad de México und Ciudad de los Reyes während des 16. Jahrhunderts. Diese Untersuchung befasst sich speziell mit Themen wie der Organisation des Handwerks, Prüfungen, Ausbildung sowie der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Unterstützung der Mitglieder. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf Aspekten, die den Beruf des Vigoleros (Musikinstrumentenbauer) betreffen.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Verwendung von Tonholz im historischen Kontext. Es wurde die nähere Verwendung, die Herkunft, der Bestimmungsort und außerdem die Ansichten und Sortierungskriterien dargestellt. Die hier erfassten Quellen stammen aus dem Beginn des 17. Jahrhundert bis zur Moderne, das heißt im Wesentlichen aus der Zeit des handwerklichen Instrumentenbaus bis in die industrielle Instrumentenfertigung hinein. Sie wurden in örtliche und zeitliche Zusammenhänge gebracht und interpretiert. Die Nachweise können ein Nachschlagewerk sein, für die authentische Holzauswahl eines Historischen Neubau, oder zu Restaurierungszwecken. In dieser Arbeit geht es nicht darum, näher in die Entstehung des Instrumentenbaus einzugehen. Der heutige Tonholzmarkt wird außerdem nicht weiter thematisiert.
Tonholz stellt für den Instrumentenbauer die Grundlage seiner Arbeit dar. Jeder definiert seine Anforderungen anders. Der Instrumentenbauer bezieht sich oft auf alte Aussagen, doch über deren Quellen ist selten etwas genaues bekannt. Deshalb ist es notwendig, diese Quellen zu suchen und auszuwerten. Aufgrund dessen, dass es in diesem Bereich kaum zusammengefasste Informationen zu dem Thema gibt, ist es notwendig Forschungsarbeit zu leisten.
In dieser Arbeit sind Historische Quellen, welche mit dem Begriffen „Tonholz“/“Klangholz“, „Holz für Musikinstrumente“ oder „musikalische Instrumente“ in Verbindung stehen, zusammentragen. Dies hat den Zweck ein Verständnis dafür zu bekommen, wie sich die Ansichten und Herangehensweisen zum genannten Thema entwickelt haben.
Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es, sowohl die gängigsten bei E-Gitarren zum Einsatz kommenden Hölzer zur Halsfertigung auf ihren klanglichen Einfluss als auch den Einfluss zum Einsatz kommender Hals- und Korpushölzer auf das Sustain der erregten Saiten zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden Frequenzspektren anhand dreier vermessener Testhälse vergleichend auf Abweichungen ihres Teiltonaufbaus untersucht und die durchschnittliche Abklingzeit einzeln angeregter Leersaiten anhand der drei Testhälse und zusätzlicher acht Testkorpusse vergleichend ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass die Halshölzer einen nur sehr geringen, zu vernachlässigenden Einfluss auf den Klang haben, die Hals- und Korpushölzer aber sehr wohl das Sustain beeinflussen können.
Die Bachelorarbeit ist sowohl für Studierende des Musikinstrumentenbaus und ausgebildete Gitarrenbauer als auch leidenschaftliche und professionelle Gitarrenspieler interessant.
Radiation measurements have been employed in research for close to a century and over the last years a growing interest for application in workshops has developed. However, some problems of standardization mainly pertaining to room acoustics arise, which make measurement results comparable only to those conducted under the same circumstances. Our aim is to modify measurement procedure and rig design in such a way, that comparable results can be attained even in acoustically non-ideal spaces. A specialized rig for violin radiation measurements was constructed leaning on partial automation to allow for the application of thick curtains as a means of decoupling measurements from the surrounding room. Trial runs in an acoustically challenging space - our living room - as well as in a small studio environment were conducted.
Improvements of measurement results were obtained for frequencies above 800 Hz, measurements were influenced significantly by the surrounding room below that threshold. As a result, calculated features were heavily skewed by the environment, rendering obtained data useless for statistical purposes. Therefore additional measurements of six instruments were performed in a small studio environment and features as defined in the literature calculated. Correlations with listening test results concerning the evenness of sound as well as structural instrument parameters were obtained. Listening test results were inconclusive, which is proposed to be attributed to the narrow range of instrument quality available for trials. Some interesting correlations of measurement features with structural parameters could be obtained and further vetted through the comparison with a second set of data. Three correlations were found which were significant or approaching significance in both groups, giving a more complete connection from instrument making to sound perception. Furthermore we have found some interesting correlations of structural parameters, giving insights into maker decisions and corroborating some workshop wisdoms.